Worms - scientifically "helminths" - parasites in the human body. There are 200 known types of human parasites. They have their own structure, their symptoms, their method of entering the body. Parasites are divided into bio-, geo-, contact helminths.
Classification of sources:
- Biohelminths. They represent parasites which change "hosts". Insects, molluscs, bulls and humans. Representatives: tapeworms - bovine, pork, echinococcus.
- Soil-transmitted helminths. Combine the worms with a single "host". Roundworms, whipworms, nekator - the most famous worms.
- Contact the helminths. The difference between contact helminths in the ease of infection through the use of patient items. Pinworms are a bright representative, a common type of helminth.
Common types of helminths in humans
The treatment of helminthiasis involves knowing the types of human worms. The color of the worms ranges from white to reddish, brown. There are transparent worms - difficult to diagnose.
Round worms
Roundworms are a type of worm with a round cross section, similar to earthworms. Representatives:
- Roundworms are a parasitic worm that lives in the small intestine, reaching a length of 40 cm. The average lifespan of roundworms is 1 year. Worms follow a long developmental path, starting with the intestines, lungs, developing a larval egg in the soil, and again entering the intestine. Roundworms are found in humans and animals. A person is not infected with animal roundworms.
- Pinworms are the simplest white parasites, measuring from 0. 3 to 1. 2 cm. They are infected by shaking hands, in underwear, inhaling dust, with roundworm eggs. The lifespan of pinworms is short - a maximum of 2 months. Pinworms often appear in children.
- Trichinella is a 0. 4 cm long parasite whose source of infestation is raw pork infected with larvae. Trichinosis treatment is a difficult task. A person can only partially get rid of worms. The reason is the peculiarity of their life. Adults of Trichinella mate in the intestines and die. Eggs from the intestines enter the muscles, where they are located and can parasitize for years.
- Vlasoglava is a representative of round worms, 3 cm long, inhabiting the large intestine. Helminths stick to the intestinal wall, suck blood. The lifespan of a whipworm is 5 years.
Tapeworms
Band parasites acquired the name due to the peculiarities of the structure of the body, which resembles a band. The flatworm can reach a size of 20 m.
- Bovine tapeworm is a large worm 10 m long, the causes of infection are insufficient roasting of beef. If there is a tapeworm egg in the meat, then infection will occur.
- Pork tapeworm is similar to bovine tapeworm, only 5 times shorter. The source of infection is pork.
- Large tapeworm - an adult helminth reaches a length of 15 m. You can be infected with tapeworms from fish that live in freshwater sources.
- Echinococcus is called the most dangerous. The ability to enter the liver causes echinococcal cysts. Carriers of adult dogs, cats. Length - 4 cm The invasion occurs by means of dirty door handles, toilet seats.
suction cups
The group got its name from the way it parasitizes humans.
- The Siberian fluke is on average 1 cm long. Ingestion is caused by the consumption of under-salted, non-heat-treated fish. It parasitizes the human gallbladder.
- Parasitic fasciola in the gallbladder, has a length of up to 7 cm. The route of infection is raw water.
Methods of parasite infestation
People who do not take care of their hygiene and cleanliness at home can get helminthiasis. Under the blow falls "cleanliness", to wash the hands convulsively after the street, to fry the meat well. Depending on the type of helminth infection occurs in different ways.
- Oral-fecal - helminth eggs enter through the mouth.
- Contact - the method is common when infected with pinworms. Helminths lay eggs on the anus, causing itching, brushing inseminates the hands. With unwashed hands, the infected person transfers eggs to objects, doorknobs, etc.
- By water. Raw water is the place where the larvae of helminths (fasciola), which are dangerous to health, live.
- Through the soil - the sand, the soil is infected with helminth eggs. It is worth watching the length of the nails, if you have to dig in the ground, wash your hands thoroughly. Eggs can be ingested by unwashed food.
You can get infected from insect bites - a rather rare case.
Symptoms of helminthiasis
The first symptoms appear when the helminthiasis reaches its peak. Symptoms appear depending on the type of worm.
A sharp decrease in weight, an emaciated appearance, body aches, pallor of the skin and itching in the anus are unequivocal signs of invasion.
Gastric tract disorders: vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, diarrhea and gas, abdominal pain near the navel - a sign of the presence of helminths located in the intestines.
The manifestation of rashes, brittle nails and hair is indirect, but an indicator of infection. With worms in the body of an adult, a child, intoxication occurs with the waste of worms. The body usually perceives human proteins as allergens, which causes skin rashes. Diseases such as allergic rhinitis or urticaria, bronchial asthma are a helminthic symptom.
A persistent headache is a symptom of worms. In cases where it is impossible to make a diagnosis, which causes headaches, pain relievers do not help.
A decrease in immunity, an immune response indicates a marked weakening of the body which appears with helminthiasis. Stomatitis, sinusitis, sinusitis, vaginosis - think of helminth prevention. All kinds of diseases can invade the human body.
The presence of worms is indicated by incurable diseases for a long time. An organ defeated by worms does not respond to treatment.
Diagnosis of helminthic invasion
Diagnosis, treatment - this should be left to professionals. An infectious disease doctor who diagnoses helminthiasis will be able to draw the correct conclusions. Infectious diseases specialists will be able to understand and determine the cause of the disease, its location and prescribe treatment.
Parasites live in the intestines, organs and tissues. Diagnosing a separate area will not help recreate the image. Depending on the affected organ, tissue, the goal of treatment depends.
For a complete diagnosis, a complete examination of the body should be carried out: x-rays, analysis of feces, urine, sputum from the lungs, scratching the anus, scratching the navel, vagina (for girls), some blood.
With X-rays, they see a possible movement of worms in the lungs - roundworms. In the blood, a high number of eosinophils indicates the presence of helminths. Stool analysis is checked for the presence of worm eggs. It is easy to prescribe treatment for worms. Sputum is taken to check for the presence of roundworm larvae, etc.
If there is such an incident where helminths have appeared, it is worthwhile to immediately begin treatment.
Processing
After a full diagnosis, in the presence of helminths, treatment is prescribed - drug, folk or complex. It is real to cure worms. They do not heal for a long time, but it all depends on the severity of the invasion.
Pharmaceutical preparations
Medicines are a more effective solution for helminths. After the treatment of helminthiasis, the appearance of worms in humans is reduced with the conditions of personal hygiene.
Chemotherapy drugs are used to remove parasites from the body. Here they are the most appropriate. They are engaged in influencing the biostructure, the bioprocesses of the parasite. By disrupting the work and paralyzing the worms, the tablets cope with the task, and the worms are excreted from the body in the stool.
The dosage, time interval and medications are prescribed by the doctor. In this case, the worm disease will be eliminated.
folk ways
Nature is varied - there are many ways to heal. The fight against worms has long roots. Traditional medicine is suitable for those who have contraindications, allergic reactions to drugs.
The main set of herbs, anthelmintic products: nuts, pumpkin seeds, garlic, wormwood, tansy.
The wormwood plant will help if worms appear. Tincture of wormwood is effective for tapeworms, roundworms. Pumpkin seeds, garlic are eaten simply, without additional processing. Tansy, like wormwood, is infused and then used. These funds can be used as a dewormer or as a prophylactic agent.
After such treatment, the worms leave the body.
Helminth prevention
If there are no signs of infection, but the likelihood of its occurrence is frightening, it is worth doing prevention. The most effective is the drug. As for self-help, you can do it without pills.
To do prevention, you need to understand where the worms come from, how they multiply. Personal hygiene is important, but food should not be forgotten. By eating dried fish or sushi, the steak with blood threatens to get infected with tapeworms.
Personal hygiene, keeping the house, pets, families clean, eating only heat-treated foods, washed vegetables, berries, fruits - will prevent you from a worm infestation.